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【Adv.Mater.】中南大学袁俊|突破20.5%效率!利用双分子共结晶受体策略实现高容忍度有机太阳能电池

【Adv.Mater.】中南大学袁俊|突破20.5%效率!利用双分子共结晶受体策略实现高容忍度有机太阳能电池#

文章标题:Achieving 20.5% Efficiency in Organic Solar Cells via Co-Crystallizable Small Molecule Acceptors

通讯作者:Jun Yuan

文章链接:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73840

文章概要#

引言#

尽管三元策略在提升有机太阳能电池效率方面取得了显著进展,但在分子层面的电子耦合及其在能量对齐中的具体作用机制仍不明确。传统三元电池往往受限于组分比例的严苛限制,难以在拓宽光谱的同时兼顾微观形貌的稳定性。为了打破这一瓶颈,研究团队借鉴无机半导体合金化概念,通过共享共轭骨架与匹配分子间相互作用,成功开发出一种全新的双分子共结晶(BC)受体系统。该策略不仅实现了光电特性的连续精确调控,还展现了极为罕见的超高组分容忍度。

FIGURE 1 (a) Chemical structures of L8-BO and Y18-C3; (b) UV absorption of L8-BO, Y18-C3 and different mixture ratio of L8-BO(1:1) in chloroform (dash lines) and film (solid lines); (c) Chemical shift of Ha–Hb of L8-BO, Y18-C3 and L8-BO at 266K in CDCl3; (d) the normalized photoluminescence (PL) spectra of L8-BO, Y18-C3 and of L8-BO(1:1) in solution; (e) Energy levels and (f) DSC curves of L8-BO, Y18-C3 and different mixture ratio of L8-BO.#

主要实验及结论#

研究人员基于经典受体L8-BO,通过精确缩短其中心核心单元的侧链,成功设计并合成了新型非富勒烯受体Y18-C3。如图1所示,光谱与电化学测试表明两者具有完美的补充吸收光谱和渐变的能级排列。变温核磁共振与差示扫描量热法分析共同证实,L8-BO与Y18-C3之间存在极佳的互溶性与强分子间相互作用,有效降低了成核能垒。为了进一步获得最直接的结构证据,图2展示了通过单晶X射线衍射成功解析出的L8-BO共结晶单晶结构。该双分子共结晶相展现出仅有1.34°的微小骨架二面角,表明其具有超高的平面性与更紧密的三维空间堆积网络。这种高度重构的π-π堆积有效降低了薄膜的静态能量无序,使其乌巴赫能减小至23.2 meV。

FIGURE 2 (a) Bimolecular co-crystal containing the L8-BO and Y18-C3 with the ratio of 1:1; (b) Single crystals of L8-BO, L8-BO and Y18-C3; (c) 3D interpenetrating network packing structures of L8-BO, L8-BO and Y18-C3. To distinguish the supercells of the different crystals, we used distinct colors for comparison. (d) The dimer configurations (Mode1 to 3) within the single-crystal unit cell and (e) the corresponding π–π stacking distances.#

随后,研究团队利用二维广角X射线散射和原子力显微镜技术(图3)研究了其在薄膜状态下的微观形貌。结果显示,共结晶驱动的有序排列完美延伸至薄膜中,混合受体呈现出优异的Face-on取向和均一结晶相分离网络。这种形貌在极大的配比变化下仍能保持高度稳定,展现出惊人的形态Robust性。在光伏器件表现方面,如图4所示,基于D18:L8-BO的最优三元器件实现了高达20.50%的光电转换效率(PCE),且填充因子达到81.65%。极具产业价值的是,当Y18-C3在受体中的占比高达50%时,器件依然能维持19.69%的超高效率。此外,最优器件表现出优异的稳定性,在手套箱中储存2200小时后仍能保持96%的初始效率。最后的超快光谱动力学研究(图5)进一步揭示了高性能的内在物理机制。飞秒/纳秒瞬态吸收光谱证实,该体系具有高效的空穴转移与激子扩散过程,且各组分薄膜在超快动力学上表现为一个单一、相干的电子实体运作,彻底避免了能量陷阱的产生,从而显著抑制了非辐射复合损失。

FIGURE 3 (a) AFM patterns of L8-BO, Y18-C3 and different mixture ratio of L8-BO films; (b) Extracted line-cut profiles (OOP) of from 2D GIWAXS patterns of L8-BO, Y18-C3 and different mixture ratio of L8-BO films; (c) Variation of π–π stacking distances and CCLs for (010) peaks in OOP directions; (d) The 2D GIWAXS patterns and (e) AFM height images (2 µm × 2 µm) of D18, D18 and ternary blend films with different mixture ratio of L8-BO films.#

FIGURE 4 (a) Current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics and (b) External quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra of the optimized OSCs; (c) FF- and (d) Efficiency-distributed histograms of the D18 (L8-BO, Y18-C3 and different radios) devices; (e) Hole and electron mobilities of the optimized devices; (f) Device storage stability of the optimized OSCs.#

FIGURE 5 (a) Transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy of blended films of L8-BO, Y18-C3 and different radio of L8-BO with D18 with (a) visible and (b) near NIR probe (The extracted tmax@595 nm values of 43, 43, 73 and 67 ps for ternary system with the L8-BO ratio of 5:1, 3:1, 2:1 and 1:1, respectively); (c) Dynamic curves of the normalized GSB signal centered at (c) 595 nm and (d) the normalized mixed ESA-PIA signal at around 1300 nm of blend films.#

总结及展望#

该研究成功通过双分子共结晶策略,精细调控了有机受体薄膜的固态组装和电子结构。这项工作不仅在分子维度上为制备高效率三元有机太阳能电池提供了全新的结构设计范式,也通过其颠覆性的高组分容忍度与杰出的物理稳定性,为推动下一代柔性有机光伏的大面积商业化印刷制造奠定了坚实的科学基础。

【Adv.Mater.】中南大学袁俊|突破20.5%效率!利用双分子共结晶受体策略实现高容忍度有机太阳能电池
https://fuwari.vercel.app/posts/fluorapid/2026/07-06月/26-06080/
作者
Fluolab
发布于
2026-06-10
许可协议
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0