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【Adv.Mater.】大连民族大学董斌、徐文、朱革等|破纪录61.55%外量子效率!新型硫化物荧光粉开启下一代短波红外光源新纪元

【Adv.Mater.】大连民族大学董斌、徐文、朱革等|破纪录61.55%外量子效率!新型硫化物荧光粉开启下一代短波红外光源新纪元#

文章标题: Next-Generation Short-Wave Infrared LED Phosphors Based on Chromium Doped Rare Earth Sulfides

通讯作者: Ge Zhu, Wen Xu, Bin Dong

文章链接: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73305

文章概要#

随着光电技术的飞速发展,短波红外(SWIR,900–1700 nm)光源在食品检测、医疗成像及红外光谱分析等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。目前主流的解决方案是将蓝光芯片与红外荧光粉结合,但传统荧光粉往往面临发射波长短、量子效率低以及热稳定性差等瓶颈。近日,来自大连海事大学等机构的研究团队在《Advanced Materials》上发表重要研究成果,通过开发一系列铬掺杂的三元稀土硫化物(NaLnS₂: Cr³⁺),成功突破了高效短波红外发光材料的性能极限。

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Crystal structures and micromorphology. (a) XRD patterns of NaLnS2 (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd) and magnified XRD patterns from 31° to 33°. (b) Crystal structure of NaLnS2 (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd). (c) The unit cell parameters change diagram of Ln - cation substitution in NaLnS2 (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd). (d) Cr K-edge XANES spectra of NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+ (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd). (e) Corresponding FT-EXAFS spectra of the NaLuS2: 0.02Cr3+. (f) EPR spectra of NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+ (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd) samples recorded at room temperature.#

引言#

短波红外pc-LED器件因其体积小、功耗低、光谱连续等优点,成为便携式传感设备的理想选择。然而,开发能被蓝光高效激发且兼具高效率与高热稳定性的SWIR荧光粉极具挑战。尤其是在发射波长红移时,巨大的斯托克斯位移往往会加剧非辐射跃迁,导致效率锐减。现有的氧化物基荧光粉在外量子效率(EQE)上普遍低于30%,难以满足高功率应用需求。为了解决这一难题,研究团队将目光投向了具有强共价性、低声子能量和对称结构的硫化物基质,旨在构建一个全新的高效红外发光平台。

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Theoretical calculation results of ternary rare earth sulfides NaLuS2 and oxides NaLuO2. (a) Formation energies as a function of Ef for point defects in NaLuS2. (b) The SWIR spectral regulation mechanism based on the nephelauxetic effect and crystal field splitting of Cr3+ in NaLnS2. (c) Difference charge density 3D display of NaLuS2. (d) 2D display of the selected slice plane in the NaLuS2 differential charge density. (e) Phonon dispersion of NaCrS2. (f) Difference charge density 3D display of NaLuO2. (g) 2D display of the selected slice plane in the NaLuO2 differential charge density. (h) Phonon dispersion of NaCrO2.#

主要实验及结论#

研究团队成功制备了NaLnS₂: Cr³⁺(Ln = Lu, Y, Gd)系列硫化物荧光粉。实验发现,通过改变镧系离子的种类,可以将发射峰从980 nm精确调节至1080 nm。结构表征和理论计算表明,硫化物基质极强的共价性诱导了显著的电子云扩展效应(Nephelauxetic effect),降低了Cr³⁺离子的d轨道能级重心。同时,随着Ln³⁺离子半径的增大,晶体场强度减弱,促使发射光谱向长波长方向移动。

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SWIR luminescence characterization. (a) UV–vis DRS of NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+ (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd). (b) PLE and (c) PL spectra of NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+. (d) Tanabe–Sugano diagram of Cr3+ electronic configuration in NaLnS2 (blue dashed line: NaLuS2; green dashed line: NaYS2; red dashed line: NaGdS2). (e) SWIR luminescence lifetimes of NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+ (blue scattered points: Ln = Lu, green scattered points: Ln = Y, red scattered points: Ln = Gd) phosphors. (f) IQE and EQE measurement results of NaLuS2: 0.02Cr3+ phosphors excited at 468 nm. (g) EQE of some representative Cr3+ doped broadband SWIR phosphors with peak emission above 900 nm: 1. NaLuS2: 0.02Cr3+(this work), 2. NaYS2: 0.02Cr3+(this work), 3. NaGdS2: 0.02Cr3+(this work), 4. Ga2GeO5: Cr3+ [37], 5. ZnNb2O6+ [38], 6. ZnTa2O6+ [39], 7. Mg2GeO4: Cr3+ [40], 8. CaSc0.85Al1.15SiO6: Cr3+ [24], 9. Mg2SiO4: Cr3+, Li+ [27], 10. LiIn2SbO6: Cr3+ [41], (h) The thermal stability measurement results of NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+ (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd) phosphors. (i) I373K/I298K of some representative Cr3+ doped SWIR-emitting phosphors and NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+ (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd): 1. NaLuS2: 0.02Cr3+(this work), 2. NaYS2: 0.02Cr3+(this work), 3. NaGdS2: 0.02Cr3+(this work), 4. NaInGe2O6: Cr3+ [42], 5. ZnNb2O6+ [38], 6. ZnTa2O6+ [39], 7. Mg2GeO4: Cr3+ [40], 8. Mg2SiO4: Cr3+, Li+ [27], 9. InTaO4: Cr3+ [43], 10. La3Ga5.5Nb0.5O14: Cr3+ [44], 11. LiScGeO4: Cr3+ [45], 12. LiIn0.85Sc0.15GeO4: Cr3+ [46].#

在发光性能方面,NaLuS₂: Cr³⁺表现尤为惊人,其内量子效率接近100%,外量子效率(EQE)达到了破纪录的61.55%,是目前已知最先进的短波红外荧光粉之一。即便是在1080 nm的更长波段,NaGdS₂: Cr³⁺的EQE仍能保持在48.55%的高位。此外,得益于微弱的电子-声子耦合作用,该材料展现出卓越的热稳定性,在100°C环境下仍能保持96%的初始发光强度,完全能够胜任高功率LED的封装需求。

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Device performance and applications. (a) EL spectra of SWIR pc-LED device based on NaLuS2: 0.02Cr3+ driven at different currents (50 ≤ I ≤ 1000 mA). (b) SWIR output power of SWIR pc-LEDs based on NaLnS2: 0.02Cr3+ (Ln = Lu, Y, Gd) phosphors and OSRAM SFH4735 SWIR pc-LEDs driven at different current (50 ≤ I ≤ 1000 mA). (c) The output power comparison of some typical NIR pc-LEDs, SWIR pc-LEDs and commercial OSRAM pc-LED driven at 350 mA current. The full name of the abbreviations of the phosphors in the figure is as follows: Ga2GeO5: Cr3+ (GGO) [37], In0.58Ga0.4NbTiO6: Cr3+ (IGNTO) [57], ZnTa2O6: Cr3+ (ZTO) [39], LiScGeO4: Cr3+ (LSGO) [45], LiIn0.85Sc0.15GeO4: Cr3+ (LISGO) [46], MgNb2O6+ (MNO) [38], NaLuS2: Cr3+ (NLS, this work), NaYS2: Cr3+ (NYS, this work), NaGdS2: Cr3+ (NGS, this work). (d,e) The imaging - resolution test of NaLuS2: 0.02Cr3+ flexible SWIR pc-film pumped by rated 350 mA current (d) and ultra-low current blue LED (e). (f) Palm vein recognition and identity authentication.#

为了验证其实际应用价值,研究团队利用该荧光粉封装了高功率SWIR pc-LED器件。在350 mA的驱动电流下,输出功率达到169.23 mW,远超欧司朗等国际大厂的同类商用产品。基于该器件,团队进一步开发了柔性红外薄膜和掌静脉识别系统。实验证明,该系统能够实现高达30 lp/mm的成像分辨率,并能在手机手电筒等极弱光激发下进行便携式无损检测,为移动端的生物识别和安全验证提供了全新的技术路径。

总结及展望#

这项研究不仅为Cr³⁺激活的短波红外发光材料提供了一个极具竞争力的硫化物平台,更通过深度结构解析揭示了实现高效长波发射的设计准则。NaLnS₂: Cr³⁺系列材料在效率和稳定性上的双重突破,极大提升了pc-LED在复杂环境下的工作能力。展望未来,这种基于硫化物基质的研发思路有望进一步拓宽短波红外光谱范围,推动便携式光谱仪、智能穿戴医疗设备以及高安全性生物特征识别技术的产业化进程。

【Adv.Mater.】大连民族大学董斌、徐文、朱革等|破纪录61.55%外量子效率!新型硫化物荧光粉开启下一代短波红外光源新纪元
https://fuwari.vercel.app/posts/fluorapid/2026/08-05月/26-05023/
作者
Fluolab
发布于
2026-05-03
许可协议
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0